Interesting facts about the brain of humans | [ Brain stem Brain cells ]

A brain is the portion of the central nervous system contained within the skull.

The brain is the control center for the movement, sleep, hunger, thirst and virtually every other vital activity necessary for survival. All human emotions ____ including love, hate, fear, anger, elation, and sadness are controlled by the brain. It also receives and interprets the countless signals that are sent to is form other parts of the body and form the external environment. The brain makes us conscious emotional and intelligent.

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE BRAIN 

• There are 100 billion cells in your brain, each connected to as many as 25,000 others, so there are 25,000 times 100 billion nerve connection in your brain or two and a half million billion. 
• Girls brain weight, on average 2.5% of her body weight, Boy’s brain weight 2% of his weight. 
• The brain makes up under 2% of your body’s weight, yet demands over 25% of its blood supply.
• The membrane between brain cells and the blood supply is called the blood-brain barrier.
• The blood-brain barrier lets through only the finest particles, including glucose.
• The layout of the human brain and nervous system is much the same as other animals but the top of the brain, the cerebrum is much much bigger.

Anatomy:-

The adult human brain is a 1.3-kg mass of pinkish grey jellylike tissue make up of approximately 100 billion nerve cells or neurons;

1.  Neuroglia cells (Supporting Cells)
2.  Vascular (blood-carrying)
3.  Other cells

A network of work of blood vessels supplies the brain with vast quantities of oxygen and food that it

requires. The human brains make up only about 2% of the total body weight, but it uses about the 20% of the oxygen used by the entire body when at rest. The brain can go without oxygen for only three to five minutes before serious damage results.

The brain is at the upper end of the spinal cord. The spinal cord is a cable of nerve cells that extend from the neck about two third of the way down the backbone. The spinal cord carries a message between the brain and other parts of the body.

 The parts of the brain:

 The brain has three main divisions:

• The cerebrum
• The cerebellum
• The brain stem

Each part consists chiefly of nerve cells, called neurons and supporting cells called glia.

Cerebrum

Cerebrum makes up about the 85% of the weight of the human brain. A large groove called the longitudinal fissure divides the cerebrum into halves called the left cerebral hemisphere and the right cerebral hemisphere. The cerebellum coordinates body movements. Located at the lower back of the brain beneath the occipital lobes, the cerebellum is divided into two lateral lobes connected by a finger-like bundle of white fibres. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements by fine-tuning commands from the motor cortex in the cerebrum

Brain Stem

Brain Stem is responsible for sustaining the basic functions of life, such as breathing and blood pressure.

Brain Cells 

There are two main types of brain cells;

• Neurons are responsible for the transmission and analysis of all electrochemical communication within the brain and another part of the nervous system.
• Neuroglial Cells are twice as numerous as neurons and account for half of the brain’s weight.

How Does Brain Works? 

The brain functions by complex neuronal or nerve cell circuits. Communication between neurons is both electrical and chemical and always travels from the dendrites of neurons, through its soma and out its axon to the dendrites of other neurons. Dendrites of one neuron receive the signal from the axon of other neurons through chemical know as the neurotransmitter.

what is a byte Bits and Bytes Meaning | facts about computer science

 What is a byte

Bit, the abbreviation for binary digit, is the smallest unit of information in a computer. A bit is represented by the numbers 1 and 0, which correspond to the states on and off, true and false or yes and no. Byte, in computer science, a unit of information built from bits, is the smallest unit of information used in computers, a byte is usually composed of 8 bits, although bytes composed of 16 bits are also used. The numbers used in computers are binary rather than decimal.
In the binary system, any number can be expressed by means of only two characters, 0 and 1 instead of the ten characters of the decimal system. The advantage of binary numbers is that they can be represented easily by electronic circuits. For example, and off circuit can represent 0 and an ‘on’ circuit can represent 1.

Byte Bit   1 byte = 8 bits

Each binary digit-0 or 1- is called the bit. To represent characters-such as letters of the alphabet or decimal digits-bits are grouped into eight-digit binary numerals code for characters is the Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code abbreviated as EBCDIC. The EBCDIC codes for several characters are shown in the following table:
Each EBCDIC character has a binary value that distinguishes it from every other character. In the characters shown in the table, ‘blank’ (for a blank space) has the smallest value and the digit ‘9’ has the largest value. These values not only identify the individual characters, but they also make it possible to compare characters. For example, the largest special character is the ‘=’ sign (01111110). Numerically it is smaller than the first letter of the alphabet. A (110000010). Z (11101001). The alphabet’s last letter has the largest value of any alphabetic character and it is smaller than the smallest of the decimal digit characters 0 (111100001).
 To sort a list of names in alphabetical order, the computer compares the bytecodes of the letters that make up the names, starting with the first letter and arranges them in order of increasing value. Sorting on the first letter of the names puts ‘Johnson’ before ‘Murray’ while sorting on the second letter puts ‘Arnold’ before ‘Johnson’. Proceeding in this way letter by letter, the computer uses its numerical abilities to arrange a list of names alphabetically from Abbott to Zola.

Strange but true facts about humans| Cool facts about the human body

Strange But True Facts About Humans 

Structure of the body is the complex and amazing machine. It is an intricate collection of million cells which from tissues, organ and organ system of the body. A cell is the structural and functional unit of the body and performs a lot of the functions. It is a microscopic factory where thousands of chemical reactions are carried out in a controlled way.
 Outermost covering of the cells is a semipermeable membrane called plasma membrane, which surrounds a number of cells organelles. A group of similar cells joins to form a tissue to carry out some specialized function of the body. Skin is an epithelial tissue. Blood is a liquid connective tissue.
Different types of tissue arrange together to form an organ intended to perform a particular task. These organs join together to form an organ system.T here are many systems in the body, like digestive, respiratory and nerves system etc. These organ systems which function together constitute the body of the human being The body complexity is so great that much is yet to learn about how its work.
 The complex process of the body is carried in the form of chemical reactions. These are controlled by the chemical substance called enzymes and hormones.
 All the chemical processes are that are carried out inside the body in the individual cells, tissue or organs are referred to as metabolism. Metabolism helps in keeping the body healthy grow, survive and reproduce. In order to keep it healthy and carry out all its life activities, the body maintains a constant state of internal balance under ever-changing conditions. This process is referred to as homeostasis